Developing Methods To Assess The Presence, Functions And Sensitivity Of Groundwater Ecosystems
HORIZON Research and Innovation Actions
Basic Information
- Identifier
- HORIZON-CL6-2026-01-BIODIV-02
- Programme
- Call 01 - single stage (2026)
- Programme Period
- 2021 - 2027
- Status
- Forthcoming (31094501)
- Opening Date
- April 17, 2026
- Deadline
- September 17, 2026
- Deadline Model
- single-stage
- Budget
- €12,000,000
- Min Grant Amount
- €4,000,000
- Max Grant Amount
- €4,000,000
- Expected Number of Grants
- 3
- Keywords
- HORIZON-CL6-2026-01-BIODIV-02HORIZON-CL6-2026-01Biodiversity characterisationBiodiversity indicatorsBiodiversity status and trendsBiogeochemistry, biogeochemical cycles, environmental chemistryEcosystem managementEnvironment chemistryEnvironment, Pollution & ClimateEnvironmental biologyEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental healthEnvironmental protectionEnvironmental sciencesEnvironmental stressorsEnvironmental toxicology at the population and ecosystems levelFresh water biodiversityFresh water ecosystemsFreshwater ecologyHydrology (Water science)Nature conservationOpen Science and FAIR Data (EOSC)Water Framework DirectiveWater policyWater quality monitoringWater systems monitoring
Description
Expected Outcome:
Project results are expected to contribute to all of the following expected outcomes:
- the knowledge of existing groundwater ecosystems[1] is improved, supporting policymakers and technical experts in assessments of their presence, functions and condition or status, and their role for climate change mitigation;
- society benefits from enhanced knowledge and awareness of pollution and overexploitation risks to groundwater ecosystems and the ecosystem services provided by them, including of possible implications for other related ecosystems (associated aquatic and dependent terrestrial ecosystems) and for human health as well as for food and water security, disaster risk reduction and resilience building;
- the EU water polices are supported with new scientific evidence and public authorities are better equipped for setting effective measures for the protection of groundwater biodiversity and their possible links to groundwater-dependent ecosystems.
Scope:
The European Environment Agency (EEA)’s report on Europe's state of water (2024)[2] highlighted that 77% of groundwater, which supplies two thirds of the EU's drinking water, is in good chemical status. For groundwater not reaching good chemical status, the report identified nitrates, pesticides and pharmaceuticals among main issues. However, less is known about contaminants of emerging concern, such as perfluorinated substances (e.g. PFAS), microplastics and antimicrobial resistance. The Commission proposal[3] to revise the lists of surface- and groundwater pollutants and their standards in the Water Framework Directive, in the Groundwater Directive and in the Environmental Quality Standards Directive aims to address these concerns. Although freshwater standards can serve as a benchmark, standards that are protective for freshwater ecosystems may not be sufficiently protective for groundwater ecosystems.[4] Much stronger evidence on presence, functions and sensitivity of groundwater ecosystems is required for a reliable hazard assessment.
Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding groundwater ecosystems and their biodiversity in Europe, making it challenging to establish their effective protection. Proposals should address such gaps, which would ultimately lead to better protection of our precious drinking water resources, as well as groundwater biodiversity and geodiversity, but also groundwater (aquatic and terrestrial)-dependent ecosystems and biodiversity.
More specifically proposals under this topic should include all of the following activities:
- improve and develop innovative methods, including by utilising sensors (e.g. biosensors, remote sensors), for assessing and characterising groundwater ecosystems and their sensitivity, and identifying the presence and functions of different taxonomic groups and organisms;
- establish harmonised, validated, and ultimately standardised, methods and generate reliable experimental data on acute and chronic effects for assessing ecotoxicity of pollutants as regards groundwater ecosystems and in particular sensitive/ vulnerable ecosystems, with the aim to prioritize substances and deriving groundwater standards to protect them;
- identify a suite of biological and physico-chemical quality elements in view of a possible future assessment and classification of groundwater ecological status for inclusion in EU water legislation. This should include developing criteria and targets related to the temporary or long-term impacts on groundwater ecosystems.
Where relevant, activities should build and expand on the results of past and ongoing EU-funded projects and initiatives, for example projects funded by the co-funded partnership “Water4All”, with focus on groundwaters, to share experiences, reach synergies and avoid duplication.
Proposals are encouraged to combine inter-disciplinary expertise and integrate perspectives from different governance levels.
Concrete efforts should be made to ensure that the data produced in the context of the funded project is FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable), exploring workflows that can provide “FAIR-by-design” data, i.e., data that is FAIR from its generation. Possibilities offered by the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) and by relevant European research infrastructures including the Catalogue of Life (COL), DiSSCo, LifeWatch ERIC, eLTER and MIRRI-ERIC (and any other relevant research infrastructure prioritised by the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI)[5]) to store and give access to research data could be considered where relevant.
Proposals should foresee appropriate resources to ensure close cooperation with the EC Knowledge Centre for Biodiversity (KCBD) and its Science Service. The research actions are expected to yield valuable new insights and data, supporting and informing future assessments by IPBES.
The JRC can provide estimates of groundwater recharge and contribution of groundwater to streamflow, based on continental scale hydrological modelling, and consider testing the methods developed in the project, for the purposes of continental scale assessment of groundwater-dependent ecosystems.
International cooperation with Mediterranean countries is encouraged.
[1] Groundwater ecosystems, in a broad sense, encompass systems formed by organisms inhabiting water-filled spaces in the subsurface, including sediments and rocks, the hyporheic zone beneath rivers, the interfaces at springs and lakes, and the zone from the groundwater table surface down to the deepest habitable conditions, such as cave waters. These ecosystems are open systems that maintain direct connections with other aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
[2] https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/europes-state-of-water-2024
[3] https://environment.ec.europa.eu/publications/proposal-amending-water-directives_en
[4] See for example EMA (European Medicines Agency, 2018). Guideline on assessing the environmental and human health risks of veterinary medicinal products in groundwater (EMA/CVMP/ERA/103555/2015,London).
Destination & Scope
This destination will mostly support the EU Commission priority ‘Sustaining our quality of life: food security, water and nature’.
The implementation of the EU Green Deal[1] will continue to guide R&I in this destination. R&I will develop knowledge and tools to support the implementation of the EU biodiversity strategy for 2030[2] and notably the EU Nature Restoration Regulation[3], including with the development of nature credits as proposed in the Nature Credits Roadmap[4]. This destination will also address the EU proposal for a Directive on soil monitoring and resilience[5], the EU proposal for a Regulation on a forest monitoring framework[6] and will inform deliberations on EU biodiversity policy after 2030, thus protecting our natural world. Nature-based Solutions are deep-rooted in this destination, which will support the EU climate adaptation strategy[7] and the EU climate mitigation targets by maintaining or improving natural carbon sinks, since natural ecosystems store large amounts of carbon globally and ecosystems’ carbon sequestration potential is tightly linked to their biological diversity. R&I should particularly assess the ecosystems ongoing ability to sequester carbon and, if necessary, focus more on ecosystems that reliably do so while also providing benefits to biodiversity.
Actions will contribute to the European Ocean Pact[8], to the European Water Resilience Strategy[9] and to the EU legislative proposal on pollutants in EU waters[10] (update of chemical substances listed for control).
R&I activities for sustainable farming, fishing and aquaculture will be supported in alignment with the Vision for Agriculture and Food[11], the Vision for Fisheries and Aquaculture towards 2040[12], as well as with the environmental objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy[13] and the EU Action Plan for the Development of Organic Production[14]. These efforts will enhance biodiversity and climate-resilient farming practices, ensuring the long-term competitiveness of these sectors within ecological boundaries, and foster innovation to drive sustainable food production.
R&I actions under this destination will encourage international cooperation in line with the global approach on R&I, contributing to EU international biodiversity commitments, notably those taken under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)[15], which defines targets for the medium term (2030) and goals for the long term (2050). This destination will also support the Paris Agreement[16], the Sustainable Development Goals[17] and the United Nations agreement on biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement)[18]. Support to processes of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)[19] will be continued.
Complementarities and synergies will be ensured with the activities supported by the co-funded partnerships Biodiversa+[20], Water4All[21] and the co-funded partnership on Agroecology[22], and LIFE[23] projects, particularly on nature restoration and protection.
The destination supports unlocking the unique assets for research and innovation of the EU outermost regions, in line with the EU strategy for outermost regions[24].
Expected impact: Proposals for topics under this destination should set out a credible pathway contributing to “putting biodiversity on a path to recovery, and protecting and restoring ecosystems and their services”, and more specifically to one or more of the following expected impacts:
- Knowledge on biodiversity status and trends and drivers of biodiversity loss is improved;
- Innovations, methods, pathways, models and tools are available and used to protect healthy and resilient ecosystems and to restore degraded ones, ensuring the continuous provision of ecosystem services, including for adaptation and/or mitigation to climate change;
- The ongoing biodiversity crisis and its consequences, notably on ecosystem functioning and their services, and the need to monitor, protect, restore and sustainably use biodiversity are better understood to better benefit the whole society in an inclusive way;
- Policymakers and stakeholders, all relevant economic sectors and society are aware and well informed of relevant challenges and opportunities of biodiversity protection, restoration and sustainable use, leading to better implementation of the biodiversity legislation and better valuation of ecosystem services, leading to transformative change towards a nature positive economy;
- Farmers, foresters, land and sea managers, fishers and aquaculture producers have access to key information, and test and implement biodiversity-friendly management practices, while safeguarding food and water security and fostering competitiveness, demonstrating the long-term sustainability of these sectors;
- Progress towards international commitments worldwide on biodiversity is made.
[1] The European Green Deal - European Commission
[2] Biodiversity strategy for 2030 - European Commission
[3] Regulation - EU - 2024/1991 - EN - EUR-Lex
[4] EUR-Lex - 52025DC0374 - EN - EUR-Lex
[5] EUR-Lex - 52023PC0416 - EN - EUR-Lex
[6] Proposal for a Regulation on a Forest Monitoring Framework - European Commission
[7] EU Adaptation Strategy - European Commission
[8] The European Ocean Pact - European Commission
[9] Water resilience strategy - European Commission
[10] EUR-Lex - 52022PC0540 - EN - EUR-Lex
[11] Vision for Agriculture and Food - European Commission
[12] EUR-Lex - 52025DC0075 - EN - EUR-Lex
[13] Key policy objectives of the CAP 2023-27 - European Commission
[14] Organic action plan - European Commission
[15] Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
[16] The Paris Agreement | UNFCCC
[17] THE 17 GOALS | Sustainable Development
[18] BBNJ Agreement | Agreement on Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
[19] IPBES Home page | IPBES secretariat
[20] Biodiversa +
[21] Water Security for the Planet
[23] LIFE - European Commission
[24] COM(2022) Putting people first, securing sustainable and inclusive growth, unlocking the potential of the EU’s outermost regions
Eligibility & Conditions
General conditions
1. Admissibility Conditions: Proposal page limit and layout
2. Eligible Countries
described in Annex B of the Work Programme General Annexes.
A number of non-EU/non-Associated Countries that are not automatically eligible for funding have made specific provisions for making funding available for their participants in Horizon Europe projects. See the information in the Horizon Europe Programme Guide.
3. Other Eligible Conditions
The Joint Research Centre (JRC) may participate as member of the consortium selected for funding as a beneficiary with zero funding, or as an associated partner. The JRC will not participate in the preparation and submission of the proposal - see General Annex B.
described in Annex B of the Work Programme General Annexes.
4. Financial and operational capacity and exclusion
described in Annex C of the Work Programme General Annexes.
5a. Evaluation and award: Award criteria, scoring and thresholds
are described in Annex D of the Work Programme General Annexes.
5b. Evaluation and award: Submission and evaluation processes
are described in Annex F of the Work Programme General Annexes and the Online Manual.
5c. Evaluation and award: Indicative timeline for evaluation and grant agreement
described in Annex F of the Work Programme General Annexes.
6. Legal and financial set-up of the grants
described in Annex G of the Work Programme General Annexes.
Specific conditions
described in the [specific topic of the Work Programme]
Application and evaluation forms and model grant agreement (MGA):
Application form templates — the application form specific to this call is available in the Submission System
Standard application form (HE RIA, IA)
Evaluation form templates — will be used with the necessary adaptations
Standard evaluation form (HE RIA, IA)
Guidance
Model Grant Agreements (MGA)
Call-specific instructions
Additional documents:
HE Main Work Programme 2026-2027 – 1. General Introduction
HE Main Work Programme 2026-2027 – 15. General Annexes
HE Framework Programme 2021/695
HE Specific Programme Decision 2021/764
EU Financial Regulation 2024/2509
Decision authorising the use of lump sum contributions under the Horizon Europe Programme
Rules for Legal Entity Validation, LEAR Appointment and Financial Capacity Assessment
EU Grants AGA — Annotated Model Grant Agreement
Funding & Tenders Portal Online Manual
Frequently Asked Questions About Developing Methods To Assess The Presence, Functions And Sensitivity Of Groundwater Ecosystems
Support & Resources
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